Photographic copying apparatus



Feb. 18, 1936. B. c, ROEHRL PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet l Original Filed Jan. 13, 1933 IN V EN TOR. BFI/l0 C, fof/rn.

1=b.1s,1936. I B. 1y ROEHRL 2,031,071

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Original Filed Jan. v13; 1953 5 SheetSSheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

Feb. 18, 1936.

' B. C. ROEHRL PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS 5 sheets-sheet s Original Filed Jan. 15, 1933 IN VEN TOR. A Bia/Y0 C'. fas/n Feb. 1s, 1936. B. c. RQEHRL 2,031,071

PHTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS original Filed Jan. 1:5. 193s s sheets-sheet 4 9 f INVENroR. l .Bea/vo C Ref/fz..

Feb. 18, 1936.

B. C. ROEHRL PHOTOGRAPHS COPYING .upmwrus- Original Filed Jan. 13, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 f lV/7% E sr .T..

INVENTolL y Bea/va C. fos/ML.

BY jf ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 18, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2.031.071 Pno'rocaarmc cormc mana'rus Application January 13, 1933, Serial No. 651.459 Renewed July 17, 1935 6 Claims.

My invention relates to photographic copying apparatus and particularly to a copying machine for rapidly making photographic copies of documents such as checks, way bills, insurance policies and other written or printed matter of which a photographic record may be desired. y

A particular object of my invention lies in the provision of a novel actuating means whereby at one operation the subject to be photographed is held in proper position, illuminated. exposed to a sensitized medium. the sensitized medium moved after exposure to present a new surface i'or the next exposure, then the illuminating means extinguished and the holding means for the document released.

Another object is to provide a novel shutter actuating means and winding means for the sensitized medium. operated simultaneously with and controlled by the primary operating means 20 above referred to.

Still another object of my invention lies in the provision of a novel means for insuring completion of each operation of the actuating means once it has been started, thus eliminating the chances tor spoiling exposures.

My invention embodies many other details which comprise objects and advantages of this invention and which will be apparent as the description proceeds, reference now being had to 30 the figures of the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, and wherein like reference numerals indicate like parts.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side view oi an apparatus embodying my invention, illustrating the actuating mechanism thereof, and certain parts being broken away and others in section for clearness of illustration.

Figure 2 is a detail view illustrating a portion of the actuating mechanism and taken on the line 2-2 ci Figure 5.

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a detail view illustrating the actuation of the locking means for the holding device for the subject to be photographed.

Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view oi' a portion of the actuating mechanism illustrating its operative relation to the shutter and winding 50 means.

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a front plan view of the apparatus, certain parts being broken away for clearness.

55 'f- Figure 8 is a detail enlarged view showing means for manually rotating the take up reel ot the sensitized material.

Figure 9 is a detail sectional view through the exposure section oi' the apparatus and illustrating the relation ot the sensitized material there- 5 Figure l0 is a detail view showing the cutting means for the sensitized material.

Figure 1l is a detail view of one oi the releasing devices of the actuating mechanisms. 1o

Figure 12 is a similar detail view illustrating this releasing mechanism in another position.

Figure 13 is a detail view of the locking means for the actuating mechanism.

Figure 14 is a detail sectional view taken on 15 the line |4-II of Figure 13.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the reference character i indicates a casing, the top 2 oi which is provided with an opening 3 suitably covered by glass 4. Hinged at 5 to the top 2, is a platen or holding member 6 adapted to cover the transparency i and to hold any document or other material to be photographed, tightly and in ilat position on such transparency. A spring l se- 25 cured to the top 2 and engaging the underside of the platen 6 normally urges the same upwardly as shown in Figure l. The free end ci' the platen 6 is provided with a hook member 8 adapted to cooperate with a latching pawl 9 is 3o pivoted within the casing directly beneath the top 2 and adapted to extend upwardly through a suitable opening therein. The operation of this latching means will be explained more fully later.

The upper portion of the casing I is provided 35 with a partition member ill which creates a compartment il within which are mounted one or more sources of illumination i2, such as electric lamp bulbs suitably connected to a source of electric current. These lamps are so positioned 40 as to illuminate the copy material to be photographed when placed in position over the opening 3 and under the platen 6.

Attached to the platen 6 is a nger i3 extending downwardly from the top 2 and into operative 5 engagement with an electric contact maker and breaker i4. 'Ihese parts are so arranged that when the platen 6 ls lowered into holding position over the opening 3, the contact maker and breaker i4 is actuated to close a circuit to the lamps i 2 and thus illuminate the copy to be photographed. Likewise when the platen 6 is raised the contact is broken and the lights are extinguished. The detail of the electric circuit necessary to accomu a transparency such as 20 y plish this operation has not been shown as it forms no part of this invention.

Projecting upwardly through the partition III and into the compartment II in alignment with the opening 3 is a bellows member I5 projecting downwardly into the lower part of the casing and adjacent the lower end of which there is provided a prism I5 or other reflecting member adapted to receive the illuminated image from the opening 3 and reflect it at right angles through a lens lia and an opening I1 in the bellows I5 toward the front of the casing I, through a passageway formed by partitions I8 (see Figures l and 9). These partitions I8 also act as parts of enclosures I9 and 2li within the casing. The enclosure I3, directly underneath the partition I0 at the front of the casing is adapted to suitably rotatably receive a supply spool or reel 2i upon which a supply of sensitized material such as photographic paper 22 is wound and which is adapted to be unwound from the supply reel 2I past the front of the passage communicating with the reflecting member I6. The front end of this passage therefore comprises the exposure Aposition for the sensitized paper 22.

The compartment is adapted to rotatably receive a take up reel 23 to which the lower end of the sensitized paper may be attached and upon winch said paper may be wound step by step as it is exposed in a manner to be described.

The supply compartment I3 is closed at its front by a swinging door 24 which at its lower edge forms a light-tight closure for the supply compartment but permits the ready withdrawal of the sensitized paper therefrom. Any suitable means may be provided for this purpose such as a strip of velvet or light-tight material 25 at the lower end of the door 24 engageable with the sensitized paper 22.

Similarly a pivoted closure member 26 is provided for the front of the compartment 2li.

A hinged door 21 is provided for the front of the casing I and has at its free end a suitable latching mechanism 28 whereby the same may be locked in closed light-tight position with respect to the exposure chamber within the casing. This door, however, provides easy and ready access to the exposure chamber when such access is desirable.

Pivoted to a suitable bracket 29 on the side wall of the casing I and immediately adjacent the lower edge of the exposure chamber is a knife 30 (see Figures 7, 9 and 10) provided with a spring 3I normally urging the knife out of paper engaging position. Slidably mounted in a suitable opening in the door 21 is a pin 32 normally urged outwardly by a spring 33. This pin is provided with a head 34 on its outer end by means of which it may be pushed inwardly manually to cause its inner headed end 35 to engage with the knife 30 and cause it to rock on its pivot into cutting engagement with the sensitized paper 22 at a point just ahead of where such paper enters the take up chamber 20.

The purpose of this cutting or severing means is that it may be desired to remove the' take up reel 23 with the exposed paper thereon at a given time in order that the latent images thereon may be developed.v It is not necessary, therefore, to walt until the entire reel of unexposed paper on the supply reel 2| has been exposed before developing and processing the exposed portion of the sensitized web. Directly underneath the lower partition I3 and secured to the underside thereof, is a fixed knife blade 36 which cooperates with the pivoted knife 30 in severing the paper strip.

Directly beneath the lower partition I8 and adjacent its front end is provided a compartment 31 by means of the walls 33 within which is rotatably mounted a feed roller 33 preferably of rubber or other suitable material adapted to engage frictionally with the paper strip 22, and upon rotation of the roller 39 to feed the strip 22 downwardly pulling it from its supply reel 2|. The detailed operation of this roller will be more fully described hereafter. There is a suitable light-tight passage provided into the take up compartment 20 from the compartment 31 such as for instance a light trapped slot 4D at the lower front edge of the compartment 31 (see Figure 9). Roller 39a opposes roller 39 and provides the necessary driving friction.

If it'is desired to remove an exposed section of the paper strip 22 which hasbeen wound upon the take up reel 23, the operator presses inwardly on the pin 22 causing the web to be severed by the knives 30 and 35. The door 21 is then opened and a strip of protective paper or other material 4I is pulled downwardly from its supply reel 42 suitably mounted upon a bracket 43 on the top 2 of the casing and its lower end suitably attached as by gluing to the severed end of the paper strip 22 which projects out of the take up compartment 20, such end having been left by the cutting operation between the knives and the slot 4D in the compartment 38. Means are provided and will be shortly described for manually rotating the take up reel 23 whereby a desired amount of this protective paper covering 4I can be wound upon the supply reel 23 over the exposed sensitized paper, in order that it may be safely removed from its compartment to the usual dark room for developing. The swinging door 26 permits this removal as also the insertion of a, new take up spool. 'I'he knife severing means 30 and 36 can, of course, be used to sever the protective paper strip 4I when a sufficient amount has been wound.

When a new take up spool is inserted the lower end of the paper strip 25 is attached thereto and when the light-tight doors 26 and 21 are closed the take up spool 24 may be rotated a few turns to wind thereon first the end of the strip 22 which was exposed while the doors were open. The apparatus is then again ready for operation.

The means for manually rotating the take up spool 23 is illustrated clearly in Figures 7 and 8 and comprises a rotatable pin 44 provided with finger piece 45 on its outer end, such pin projecting through a suitable opening in the side wall of the casing I, for ready manipulation. The nange of the take up spool 23 is provided with a squared opening 46 into which is normally adapted to project the reduced rounded end 41 of the pin 44. This rounded end 41 acts merely as a guide for-the pin and does not engage rotatively with the spool. Adjacent this inner end of the pin 44, however, and spaced slightly from the rounded end 41, is a squared portion 48 adapted to engage within the squared opening 46 in the spool flange when the pin 45 is pushed inwardly and in such position the squared portion provides a rotating means for the spool 23. A flanged cup member 49 is loosely mounted on the pin 45 and is normally urged into spool flange engaging position by a coil spring 50 surrounding the pin 45 and positioned between such flanged cup and a coil 5I pinned upon the shaft 45. Thus the spring 50 normally urges the pin 44 outwardly to the normal position shown in Figures 7 and 8.

The pin 44 is notched as at 52 to receive alight spring member 88 secured upon the partition 84 within the casing whereby the pin 44 may be frictionally held in both its inner and outer positions.

Obviously the operation of this mechanism is that when it is desired to manually rotate the take up spool 28, the pin 44 is pushed inwardly to bring the squared portion 48 into the squared opening 48 whereupon the spool may be rotated. When such manual rotation has been completed, the pin is pulled outwardly to the position shown in Figures 7 and 8.

On the opposite side oi the casing I from the partition 84 just referred to, there is a second partition 88 extending vertically of the casing and separating the spool compartments from the adjacent side wall of the casing and providing `a compartment 88 in which are mounted most of the operating mechanisms connected with this apparatus.

Suitably pivoted within this compartment 88 as at 81 is an operating lever 88, the free end of which extends through the rear of the casing and is provided with a foot piece 89 by means of which the lever may be rocked downwardly on its pivot. f Y

Suitably pivoted to the lever 8l within the casing I, is a link 88 extending upwardly within the compartment 88 for a substantial distance and to the upper end of this link is attached a coil spring 8l, the opposite end oi' which is attached to a similar link 82 pivoted as at 83 to the platen 8, the link 82 extending through'a, suitable slot or opening in the top 2. Suitably secured to the partition member Ill as at 82a is a second coil spring member 8Ia, the lower end of which is secured to the lever 88. The object of this coil spring member 8la. is to provide suiiicient tension to return the lever 88 toits normal position after each operation. The tension of the spring 8l is so adjusted that downward movement oi' the lever 88 results In pulling the platen 8 downwardly into tight flat engagement with the transparency 4 in the top 2 and at the same time permits the further downward movement of the lever 88 after such platen is in its lower copy engaging position.

Resting upon the upper surface of the lever 88 is the weighted lower end 84 of a rod 88 extending upwardb' in the casing I .through a suitable opening in the partition III and attached at its upper end to one end of the pivoted latch 9. This rod 88 is guided in its verticalreciprocal movements by the opening through the partition I8l and adjacent its lower end by a guide link 88 secured to the adjacent wall of the casing I.

Spaced above the weighted end 84 the rod 88 is provided with a collar 81. The operation of these parts is as follows: When the lever 88 is 'depressed the weight 84 on the lower end of the rod 88 causes such rod to follow the lever 88 downwardly until the collaril engages with the xed guide link 88. In such downward position. the latch 8 will obviously be rocked on its pivot to engage over the hook 8 on the platen 8 and thus lock such platen in its lowermost position. The relation of movement between the platen and the rod 88 is so designed that the platen will reach its lowermost position just prior to the moving of the latch 9 into locking position. Obviously upon raising the lever 88 again the rod 88 is raised to release the latch 9 and permit the spring 1 to raise .the platen 8 to the position shown in Figure l.

It may be said generally here that the downward movement `of the lever 88 performs' many functions through associated agencies which will now be described in detail. These functions are in addition to those just described, the tensioning of shutter rotating means and paper moving means, the release of such means and the operation thereof, also a punching device for the paper strip for a purpose to be described.

Secured to the lever 88 is a bracket 88 pivoted to which is the lower end of an arm 89 extending upwardly and provided at its upper end with an angular flange 18. Suitably pivoted at 1I adjacent the upper end ofthe arm 89 is a pawl 12 provided at one end with a shouldered hook portion 18 lying normally underneath the flange 18. The cpposite end of the pawl 12 and on the opposite side of the pivot 1I from the hook portion, has a slot 14 engaging within which is a pin 18 carried bv one end of a longitudinally slidable rod 18 guided in its sliding movement by pins 11 extending through slots 18 in the rod. The rod 18 is normally urged to the left in Figure 1 by means of a coil spring 19, thus normally rocking the pawl 12 to the position shpwn in Figure l. The free end of the rod 18 is provided with an angular flange 88 upon which is a punchpin 8| disposed just in front of the paper strip 22. This pin is adapted, when the rod 18 is moved to the right, to engage and punch a hole in the edge of the paper strip 22 where it passes over a guide flange or partition past the exposure position. Obviously upon depresison of the lever 88 the link 89 is lowered therewith which engages the lower end oi' the pawl 12 rocking the' same on its pivot and causing the rod 18 to slide to the right and bring about this punching operation just described. As is illustrated clearly in Figures l1 and l2, the downward movement of the arm 89 is such that the pawl 12 is rocked far enough to permit the arm 89 its full downward movement without interference. Obviously the return movement of the arm 89 upwardly permits the pawl 12 `to again rock on its pivot in response to the spring 19.

'Ihe punching of the hole in the paper 22 yis to provide a mark defining each exposure section of -the paper in order that such sections may be properly separated and also provides a filing mark or guide for the individual photographic copies after development and other processes.

Secured to the lever 88 is an upstanding arcuately shaped toothed rack bar 82 meshing with a pinion 83 on a shaft 84. This shaft 84 is journaled in the adjacent side wall of the casing I and in the partition 88 and extends across the compartment 88 (see Figure 5). Rotatably disposed upon the shaft is a sleeve 88 provided with an oilset portion 88 surrounding the shaft.

Between this offset portion of the sleeve 88 and the shaft 84 is a ball clutch arrangement 81 of a conventional type and illustrated clearly in Figure 6. The shaft 84 at this point is provided with grooves 88, suchgrooves being cam-like in shape and provided with straight shoulder stops 89 at their ends and within which grooves the balls B1 are positioned. The operation of this type oi' clutch is well known and it will be obvious that uponrotation of the shaft 84 to the left in Figure 6. a binding action will occur between the cam grooves in the shaft, the balls 81, and the sleeve portions 88, resulting in rotation of the sleeve with the shaft 84.

The sleeve 88 is provided with a toothed ratchet wheel 99 (see Figures 2 and 5), with which engages a fixed resilient spring brake 9 I. Rotatably mounted upon one end of the shaft 84 is a pulley 92 and to the inner side of this pulley is suitably secured a cup-like housing member v93. This housing member 93 is provided with a flange 94 which encircles the sleeve 85 and is rotatable with respect thereto. Within the housing 93 is disposed a coil spring 95, one end of which is secured to the housing 93 and the other end of which is secured to the portion 88 of the sleeve 85. 0bviously therefore, rotation of the shaft 84 by the downward movement of the lever 58 and the rack bar 82 meshing with the pinion 83, results in rotating the sleeve 85 through the clutch connection 81 to place the spring 95 under tension, the housing 93 and the pulley 92 being held against rotation by a means shortly to be described. The spring latch 9| holds the sleeve in the position to which it is rotated by the operation just described.

Engaging around the pulley is an endless belt 38 also encircling a pulley 91 fixed upon a shaft 98 journaled in the partition 55, and its outer end in a supporting plate 99 suitably provided adjacent the wall of the casing I. Fixed to the inner surface of the pulley 91 is a disk |00 provided with a single tooth adapted to be engaged by the hooked end of a latch |02 suitably pivoted as at |03 to some fixed part in the casing. A coil spring |04 normally rocks such latch on its pivot to urge it into latching engagement with the disk |00. Pivotally supported upon the lever 58 is an upstanding arm |05 provided at its upper end with a flange |08, the lower edge of which is adapted to engage, when the lever 58 is lowered, with an extension |01 on the latch |02 causing such latch to rock on its pivot and release its engagement with the disk |00. These parts are so arranged that this releasing `action takes place when the lever 58 is close to its lowermost position.

The releasing of the latch |02, of course, permits the coil spring 95 to expend its energy which was stored by the turning of the sleeve 85 upon the downward movement of the lever 58 as previously explained, and thus causes through the belt 98, the rotation of the shaft 98. The inner end of the shaft 98 extends through the partition 55 and carries a shutter |08 which lies in the exposure path between the reflecting member |8 and the sensitized paper strip 22. The details of this shutter have not been shown as they formno'part of this invention. A conventional shutter of the barrel type may be used which, as is well known, upon one complete revolution, serves to open and close the passage with which it is aligned.

The shaft 98 is provided with a gear |09 which meshes with a pinion ||0 on a shaft-||| upon which shaft is mounted a centrifugal governor I2 of any conventional design and which may be provided with the adjusting means comprising the `ter shaft 98 in its rotation through the power of the spring 95 is regulated and controlled.

Referring again now to Figures 1 and 5, it will be observed that there is provided a second spring motor, the associated parts ofl which are identical in every respect with those just described. This includes the sleeve |1 with its portion ||8 spaced from the shaft 84, the ball clutch I9, the pulley loosely mounted on the shaft 84, the spring housing |2| secured to the pulley |20, and the spring |22 secured at one end to the housing and at the other end to the portion I I8 of the sleeve. The sleeve ||1 is also provided with the toothed disk |23 with which engages the spring brake or holding means |24. The operation of this is the same as previously described for the one spring motor, namely, upon the downward movement of the lever 58 the rack bar 82 rotates the shaft 84 through pinion 94 and through the clutch I9 the sleeve I I1 is rotated with the shaft to tensio'n the spring |22, the pulley |20 being held against movement by means to be described presently. It will also be understood, of course, that upon the upstroke or return of the lever 58, the shaft 84 is free to rotate without affecting the spring motors in any way due to the ball clutch mechanisms just described.

An endless belt |25 engages the pulley |20 and also' engages around a pulley |28 fixed to a shaft |21 journaled in the supporting plate 99 and in the partition 55, and the inner end of which shaft extends into the compartment 31 (see Figure 9). The friction driving roller 39 for the paper strip is mounted upon the inner end of this roller in position to frictionally engage the paper strip and pull it downwardly from the supply reel 2| as before explained. Y

'I'he releasing means for this drive roller will now be explained.

Fixed upon the shaft 98 adjacent the toothed disk |00, is a disk |28 provided at one point on its periphery with a projecting cam portion |29.

suitably slidably mounted upon a xed portion in the casing l, is a link guided by the pins |3| and slots |32. One end of this link lies adjacent the disk |28 and is provided with a pin or roller |33 adapted to lie in the path of the projecton |29 on such disk. The opposite end of the link |30 is provided with a pin |34 engaging in the forked end of a latch pivoted at |36 and the opposite end of which is adapted to engage the notched periphery of a disk |31 xed tothe shaft |21. A coil spring |38 normally urges the latch |35 into such disk engaging position and in such position the roller |33 on the link |30 lies in the path of the projection |29 on the disk |28.

'I'he operation of this mechanism is as follows: Upon the release of the shaft 98 for rotation in the manner above explained, the disk |28 rotates therewith one complete revolution and just prior to the completion of sch a revolution the projection |29 strikes the pin |33 resulting in sliding the link |30 to the left in Figure 1, which rocks the latch |35 on its pivot to release the disk |31 and shaft |21 for rotation. One complete rotation of the shaft |21 and consequently of the feed roller 39 is thus accomplished and the latch |35 again engages the notched disk |31 under the influence of the spring |38 to prevent more than one revolution at a time. It will be clear, of course, that `as soon as the projection |29 has passed the pin |33, the link |30 will again slide back to the normal position shown in Figure 1. The operation of the mechanism just described is so timed with respect to the other elements described that the movement of the paper 22 occurs immediately following the opening and closing of the shutter |08. It may be stated also that the size of the feed roller 39 is such that one complete revolution thereof serves to move the paper strip 22 an amount sumcient to bring a new unexposed section thereof into exposure position.

The, hub of the pulley |20 carries a second pulley |39 around which engages an endless belt |40 also engaging around a pulley |4| upon a shaft |42 journaled in the supporting plate 99 and in the partition 55. 'I'he inner end of this shaft |42 is reduced and squared as at |43 for engagement within a squared opening |44 in the adjacent end o'f the take up reel ange 29. A suit-- able slip connection between the pulleys |99 and |4| is provided either in the form of a relatively loose belt or an elastic belt or by some conventional clutch means (not shown) whereby the drive from the pulley |39 to the take up reel is effective only when there is no resistance and capable of slipping when the paper fed by the feed strip has been wound upon the take up reel. 'This is in order to compensate for the varying diameter of the take up reel 23 as the paper is wound thereon.

It may be noted here that the arm 59 is normally urged to the left into engagement with the pawl 12 by means of a'coil spring |45. Also the arm |05 is normally urged to the left in Figure l into cooperative relation with the latch |02 by the coil spring |45. f

From the description thus far it will be seen that upon the downward movement of the lever 58, the platen 5 will ilrst be lowered and latched,

the-lamps |2 illuminated, the paper strip 22 punched by the punch 8|, and the punch released from the strip when the arm 59 reaches the position shown in Figure l2, in which position the spring 19 is strong enough to return the sliding link 16 to the left in Figure 1, the latch 12 in such position merely rocking the arm 59 to the right against the tension of the spring |45.

During this downward movement of the lever 58, the spring motors 95 and |22 are being tensioned by means of the rack bar 82. As the lever 58 approaches its lowermost position, the

shutter |08 is operated to expose the section of' paper 22 in alignment with the reflector I5 by means of the arm |05 tripping over the latch |02 and releasing shaft 98 to rotate under the influence of spring motor 95. Rotation of the shaft 58 also actuates the latch |35 to release the feed roller shaft |21 for rotation, this occurring immediately following the operation of the shutter.

As before stated, the return movement of the lever 58 under the influence of the springs 6| and 5|a merely results in idly rotating the shaft84 and restoring the parts above mentioned to their normal positions shown in Figure 1.

It will be obvious from this description that unless the lever 58 is depressed fully and completely. 4that is, far enough to result in all the operations just referred to, the result might be to merely expose the paper 22 and not move the same to bring anew section into position for exposure. In order, therefore to insure the full operation of the device as described at each operation of the lever 55, means have been provided to prevent the return of the lever 58 to its upper normal position after once started downwardly, until it has been depressed to its lowermost position to bring about the operations de` scribed. This safety means includes a channel member |41 pivoted adjacent its upper end to a bracket |48 fixed to a wall of the casing A leaf spring |49 is disposed between the wall of the casing and the upper end of the channel I member |41, permitting the channel member to swing freely on its pivot but normally urging the lower end of the channel member |41v away from the adjacent wall of the casing.

Pivoted at |50 to the lever 58 is a pawl |5| the free end of which is provided with an angularly extending toothed portion |52, the toothed surface of which is adapted to engage the left hand flange |53 of the channel member (the left hand flange in Figure 13). It will be noted with reference to Figure 13 that this ilange |55 is cut away at |54 and in the normal upper position of the lever 58 this toothed portion on the pawl |5| lies above such cut away portion.

Pivoted at |55 to the pawl |5| is a second pawl |55 provided adjacent its free end with an angular toothed portion |51 the teeth of which are adapted to engage-the opposite flange |58 of the channel member |41. It will be noted with reference to Figure 14, the angular toothed portion |52 of the pawi |5| passes through a slot |59 in the pawl |55 in order that both the toothed portions |52 and |51 can be positioned within the channel member |41, in position to cooperate with the flanges |53 and |58 thereof.

A headed pin |50 carried bythe pawl |l| extends through a slot |5| in the pawl |55 and serves to guide and limit the relative movements of said pawls.

The free end of the pawl |55 is provided with a bent hook guide member |52 which extends around the outside of the channel member |41 as shown clearly in Figure 13.

From this construction it will be apparent that upon the downward movement of vthe lever 58, both of the toothed portions |52 and |51will slide along within the channel member |41 freely and the channel member |41 will swing on its pivot as shown in dotted lines in Figure 13 to follow the arc of travel of the lever 55.` If, however, the downward movement of the lever 58 should be stopped inadvertently at any point between the cutaway portion |54 of the ange |55,

and the open bottom end of the channel member |41, the normal upward movement of the lever 58 under the iniluence of the coil springs 5| and 5 la would result immediately in the toothed portion |51 engaging the flange |58 frictionally thus' interrupting the upward movement of the pawl |55 which would result in relative movementbe:

|52 and |51 to pass completely'out of the lowery end of the channel |41, all of the operations resulting from such downward movement of the lever will have taken place. When such pawls reach the open lower end of the channel member |41, and pass out of such channel-member, the spring |49 serves to rock the channel member slightly to thel right, returning it to its normal position shown in Figure 1, it having been pulled slightly to the left by the downward movement of the pawls with the arc of the lever 58, whereupon the springs 5| and 5|a may exert its inuence to raise the lever 58, the toothed portions |52 and |51 sliding freely upwardly along the side of the ilange |55 until they reach the cutA out portion |54, the channel member |41 swinging to the right against the tension oi' the spring |49 until they reach the cut out portion |54 whereupon the channel member again swings to the left to normal position with the toothed members ready to again slide downwardly inside the flanges of the channel member upon the next operation of the lever 58.

Of course, changes may be made in details of construction without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I do not limit myself,

therefore, to the exact structure herein shown' and described other than by the appended claims.

I claimt l. A photographic copying apparatus comprising a casing, a copy holder thereon having a pivoted platen, illuminating means therefor, film holding means in said casing, a shutter in the exposure path between said copy holder and said nlm, a single actuating means movable through a predetermined path, means actuated by the movement of said last named means in one direction for successively operating said platen, illumihating means and shutter, and means preventing the return movement of said actuating means prior to completion oi the full stroke thereof in 'the ilrst named direction.

2. A photographic copying apparatus comprising a casing, a copy holder thereon having a pivoted platen, illuminating means therefor, i-lim supporting and moving means in said casing, film perforating means, a shutter ln the exposure path between said copy holder and said illm, a single actuating means movable through a predetermined path, and means actuated by the movement of said last named means for successively operating said platen, illuminating means, nlm punching means, shutter and illm moving means.

3. A photographic copying apparatus comprising a casing, a copy holder thereon, illuminating means therefor, illm supporting and moving means in said casing, a shutter in the exposure path between said copy holder and said illm, a single actuating means movable through a predetermined path, means actuated by the movement of said last named means for successively operating saidcopy holder, illuminating means, shutter and illm moving means, said shutter and nlm. moving means comprising spring actuated members, and means 4on said single actuating means for tensioning the springs ofl said members during the actuating movement of said means.

4. A photographic copyin apparatus comprising a casing, a copy holder thereon having a pivoted platen, illuminating means therefor, lm supporting and moving means in said casing, a shutter in the exposure path between said copy holder and said lm, a single actuating means movable through a predetermined path, means actuated by the movement oi' said last named means for successively operating said platen, illuminating means, shutter and iilm moving means, and independent manually operable means for moving the film.

5. A photographic copying apparatus comprising a casing, a copy holder thereon having a pivoted platen, illuminating means therefor, 111m supporting and moving means in said casing, a shutter in the exposure path between said copy holder and said film, a single actuating means movable through a predetermined path, means actuated by the movement of said last named means for successively operating said platen, illuminating means, shutter and illm moving means, independent manually operable means for moving the iilm, and lm severing means in said casing whereby the exposed portion oi' the film may be removed.

6. A photographic apparatus comprising a casing, a pivoted copy holder thereon, illuminating means therefor, an actuating lever having spring connection with said holder whereby movement of said lever in one direction moves said holder to holding position, means actuated by said holder in holding position to render said illuminating means operative, means actuated by the movement of said lever in one direction for locking said holder in holding position, and means actuated by the movement o! said lever in the opposite direction for releasing said locking means.

BRUNO C. ROEHRL.' 

